A high voltage power cable’s structure contains at least one to more conductors, apt insulation and a jacket for protection. Depending on the level of voltage power, the cables can have additional layers for the insulation jacket to control the electric field in the conductor.
More often than not, high voltage power cables are used in the operation of conductors that go beyond 2,000 volts. Bearing this amount in mind, there will be a conductive shield around each insulator conductor which helps in equalising electrical stress. This shield is sometimes called the Hochstadter shield as Martin Hochstadter had patented this technique back in 1916.
Installed at the ends of shields are ‘stress relief cones’.
Power distribution cables of 100,000 V are insulated well with oil and paper. They function via a stiff steel pipe and a semi-stiff or rigid aluminium or lead covering.